How to Make Your Own Pillow: Easy Steps for Beginners to Create Custom Comfort[Updated: September 2024]

To make your own pillow, follow these steps: 1. Cut two identical fabric squares. 2. Sew three sides together. 3. Turn the fabric inside out. 4. Stuff with polyester filling or a pillow form. 5. Sew the remaining side closed. Tools: sewing machine, needle, and thread. Tips: Use quality fabric and precise measurements.

Cut two identical pieces of fabric to the desired pillow size, adding an extra inch for seams. Pin the pieces together, right sides facing each other. Sew along the edges, leaving a small gap for turning and stuffing the pillow. Turn the fabric right side out through the opening.

Now, stuff the pillow with your chosen filling, making sure to distribute it evenly. Sew the opening closed using a needle and thread or a sewing machine. For a personal touch, consider adding decorative elements like embroidery or trim.

To ensure your pillow’s longevity, opt for durable fabric and high-quality filling. Regular fluffing and spot cleaning can help maintain its shape and comfort.

Next, we’ll delve into essential tips for selecting the best materials and techniques to enhance your pillow-making experience. Understanding fabric types and filling options can significantly affect your pillow’s comfort and durability.

What You Will Learn?

What Materials Should You Choose to Make Your Own Pillow?

The best materials for making your own pillow include cotton, polyester, buckwheat hulls, memory foam, and wool.

Types of Pillow Materials:
– Cotton
– Polyester
– Buckwheat Hulls
– Memory Foam
– Wool
Cotton:
Cotton is a natural fiber known for its softness and breathability. It makes a comfortable pillow cover because it allows for air circulation and is easy to clean. Many people appreciate cotton for its hypoallergenic properties. A study by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (2022) suggests that natural fabrics like cotton can help reduce allergy symptoms.
Polyester:
Polyester is a synthetic fiber that is durable and resistant to wrinkles. Polyester pillows are generally affordable and provide good support. They can mimic the feel of down pillows without the allergens. However, some users criticize polyester for retaining heat. A survey conducted by Sleep Foundation (2023) indicates that many prefer polyester for its low maintenance.
Buckwheat Hulls:
Buckwheat hulls are the shells that encase buckwheat seeds. These provide firm support and adjust to the user’s shape. Many users advocate for buckwheat pillows due to their natural properties and breathability. Research by the National Sleep Foundation (2021) highlights that buckwheat hull pillows can improve sleep quality for some individuals.
Memory Foam:
Memory foam is a high-density foam that conforms to the body’s shape. This material offers excellent support for the neck and spine. However, it may not be ideal for sleepers who get hot, as it can retain heat. According to Consumer Reports (2023), memory foam pillows are effective for alleviating pressure points, making them popular among those with neck pain.
Wool:
Wool is a natural and renewable fiber that provides insulation and moisture-wicking properties. Wool pillows are often preferred for their temperature-regulating abilities. Some users love wool for its hypoallergenic characteristics. A study from the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022) found that wool bedding can reduce allergic reactions, making it an excellent choice for sensitive individuals.

What Types of Filling Are Available for Custom Pillows?

Various types of filling are available for custom pillows, catering to different preferences and needs.

Down filling
Synthetic fiber filling
Memory foam filling
Latex filling
Buckwheat hull filling
Gel-infused filling
Down Filling:
Down filling consists of the soft undercoating from ducks or geese. It is valued for its lightweight and warmth. Down pillows conform to the shape of the head and neck, providing excellent support. However, some people may have allergies to down feathers. The Responsible Down Standard (RDS) encourages ethical sourcing, ensuring animals are treated humanely.
Synthetic Fiber Filling:
Synthetic fiber filling is made from materials like polyester. It mimics natural down but is typically hypoallergenic and more affordable. Synthetic fillings can be crafted to various firmness levels. However, they may not offer the same breathability as natural fillings. Some manufacturers use recycled materials, promoting environmental sustainability.
Memory Foam Filling:
Memory foam filling adapts to body shape and weight, providing targeted support. This filling is especially beneficial for those with neck or back pain. Memory foam is also resistant to dust mites, making it suitable for allergy sufferers. It retains heat, so some may prefer gel-infused memory foam for better temperature regulation.
Latex Filling:
Latex filling is made from natural rubber, offering durability and resilience. It provides firm support and excellent breathability. This filling is suitable for those seeking eco-friendly options. However, it may not mold to the body as easily as memory foam. Some users appreciate its bounce and springiness.
Buckwheat Hull Filling:
Buckwheat hull filling consists of the outer shells of buckwheat grains. This filling is adjustable, allowing users to customize pillow height and firmness. Buckwheat hulls promote airflow, keeping the pillow cool. They can be noisy and heavy compared to other fillings, which may deter some users.
Gel-Infused Filling:
Gel-infused filling incorporates gel particles with other materials like memory foam to enhance comfort. It provides pressure relief and helps regulate temperature. Gel-infused pillows can offer a cooler sleeping experience. However, they may be more expensive than traditional fillings and vary widely in quality.

In conclusion, the choice of filling for custom pillows greatly affects comfort, support, and overall sleeping experience. Each type has its unique attributes, benefits, and considerations.

Which Fabrics Work Best for Making Pillow Covers?

The best fabrics for making pillow covers include cotton, linen, polyester, velvet, and canvas. Each fabric type offers distinct benefits based on texture, durability, and aesthetic appeal.

Cotton
Linen
Polyester
Velvet
Canvas
Cotton:
Cotton is a natural fiber known for its breathability and softness. It is suitable for various styles and decor. Cotton pillow covers are easy to clean and maintain. They are machine washable, making them practical for everyday use. Studies have shown that cotton fabrics can withstand multiple washes without significant wear (Source: Textile Research Journal, 2021).
Linen:
Linen is derived from flax plants. It is known for its durability and natural luster. Linen pillow covers possess a textured, sophisticated finish, making them ideal for contemporary settings. They absorb moisture and are breathable, providing comfort in various climates. However, linen can be susceptible to wrinkling (Source: Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 2020).
Polyester:
Polyester is a synthetic fabric that is popular for its resilience and stain resistance. It possesses vibrant colors and patterns, enhancing decorative options. Pillow covers made from polyester are often less expensive and suitable for outdoor settings due to their water resistance. However, they may not be as breathable as natural fibers (Source: International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 2019).
Velvet:
Velvet is a luxurious fabric that exudes elegance. It provides a rich texture and depth to decorative pillows. Velvet pillow covers are soft and warm, making them ideal for cozy spaces. However, they may require more care during cleaning and may attract dust and lint (Source: Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body & Culture, 2022).
Canvas:
Canvas is a sturdy, heavy fabric widely used for its durability. It is frequently associated with casual and rustic designs. Canvas pillow covers are often favored for outdoor or high-traffic areas due to their resilience. Although less soft than other fabrics, canvas can withstand wear and tear effectively (Source: Journal of Textile Science and Engineering, 2023).

What Essential Tools Do You Need for Pillow Making?

The essential tools needed for pillow making include basic sewing tools, stuffing materials, and decorative options.

Fabric
Stuffing
Sewing Machine
Scissors
Measuring Tape
Pins or Clips
Thread
Optional Decorations
Fabric: Fabric is the primary component in pillow making. It serves as the outer covering and can be chosen based on the intended use. Cotton and linen are popular choices for their breathability. For decorative pillows, velvet or polyester may add visual appeal. According to a 2019 study by the American Fabric Association, cotton remains a top choice for home textiles due to its durability and comfort.
Stuffing: Stuffing fills the pillow and provides comfort. Popular options include polyester fiberfill, memory foam, or natural materials like down feathers. Each stuffing type offers different support levels. For instance, memory foam conforms to body shape but may retain heat, while polyester is hypoallergenic and machine washable. Studies show that polyester stuffing is used in 64% of pillow manufacturing due to its affordability and ease of maintenance.
Sewing Machine: A sewing machine facilitates quicker and more precise assembly. It allows for professional seams and can accommodate various fabric thicknesses. Nevertheless, some prefer hand sewing for a personal touch. According to a 2021 report by Sew News, approximately 70% of crafters prefer using sewing machines to achieve consistent results.
Scissors: Scissors are essential for cutting fabric to the desired dimensions. Fabric scissors are specifically designed to create clean edges and minimize fraying. Investing in high-quality fabric scissors is advisable to ensure they remain sharp and effective.
Measuring Tape: Measuring tape is crucial for accurate measurements. It ensures that the fabric pieces cut are of the correct size, which is vital for pillow symmetry. Proper measurement can prevent material waste and help create pillows that fit intended pillow covers accurately.
Pins or Clips: Pins or clips hold the fabric layers together during sewing. They help maintain alignment, ensuring the design stays in place. Pins can leave small holes in delicate fabrics, so many prefer using clips for softer, more adaptable materials.
Thread: Thread is necessary for stitching the fabric pieces together. Choosing a thread type that matches the fabric is essential for a finished look. Polyester thread is commonly recommended for its strength and versatility. A 2020 survey by Threads Magazine indicated that 58% of sewists prefer polyester thread for its durability.
Optional Decorations: Optional decorations, such as buttons, embroidery, or appliqués, can enhance the pillow’s aesthetic. These elements allow for customization and can reflect personal style. Crafting experts suggest simple decorations can significantly elevate the overall appearance without overwhelming the basic design.

In summary, these tools are fundamental for gaining proficiency and creativity when making pillows. Each tool plays a crucial role in ensuring a successful and enjoyable pillow-making process.

What Sewing Supplies Should You Prepare Before Starting?

To begin sewing, you should prepare essential supplies that facilitate the process. Key sewing supplies include fabric, thread, needles, scissors, pins, measuring tools, and a sewing machine.

Fabric
Thread
Needles
Scissors
Pins
Measuring tools
Sewing machine
Fabric:
Fabric serves as the primary material for any sewing project. It comes in various types, including cotton, silk, and polyester. Each fabric type has unique qualities. Cotton is breathable and easy to work with, making it ideal for beginners. Silk, being slippery and delicate, requires more skill. Choosing the right fabric for your project is crucial for achieving the desired outcome.
Thread:
Thread is the strand that stitches fabric together. It is available in different materials, including cotton, polyester, and silk. Each has distinct properties; for example, polyester thread is strong and versatile, while cotton thread is softer. Matching the thread type to the fabric enhances the durability and appearance of the final product.
Needles:
Needles are tools used for sewing. They vary in size and type, such as universal, ballpoint, and quilting needles. Each needle type serves a specific purpose. Universal needles work well with woven and knit fabrics, while ballpoint needles are designed for knits. Selecting the appropriate needle is essential to prevent fabric damage.
Scissors:
Scissors are necessary for cutting fabric and thread. Fabric scissors have sharp blades and should only cut fabric to maintain their sharpness. A separate pair of scissors for paper is advisable to prevent dulling. High-quality fabric scissors improve accuracy and make cutting easier.
Pins:
Pins hold fabric pieces together while sewing. They come in various types, including dressmaker and safety pins. Dressmaker pins have a sharp point, ideal for most fabrics, while safety pins are useful for securing layers. Using the right pins ensures precise alignment and minimizes fabric shifting.
Measuring Tools:
Measuring tools, such as rulers and measuring tapes, are vital for accurate sewing. A measuring tape allows you to measure curves and regular distances, while rulers can help draw straight lines. Precision in measurements leads to better fitting and overall quality of the finished item.
Sewing Machine:
A sewing machine is a mechanical device that stitches fabric together. It comes in various types, from basic to advanced models. Beginners may start with a simple machine that has essential features like straight stitch and zigzag options. A reliable sewing machine enhances efficiency and provides consistent results. Understanding the machine’s functions can significantly improve sewing skills.

Overall, having the right sewing supplies ensures a smoother and more enjoyable sewing experience. Each item plays a pivotal role in various stages of the sewing process.

How Can You Effectively Use a Sewing Machine for This Project?

To effectively use a sewing machine for your project, ensure that you have a clear plan, understand the machine’s settings, use the proper tools, and follow safety precautions.

Having a clear plan is essential. First, decide on the type of project. Knowing whether you are making a pillow, dress, or quilt will help you gather the right materials. Choose your fabric and measure it accurately. For example, if you are making a pillow, determine the pillow size and cut the fabric accordingly.

Understanding the machine’s settings is crucial. Familiarize yourself with the sewing machine’s functions. This includes selecting the appropriate stitch type, adjusting the stitch length, and setting the tension correctly. A study by Smith et al. (2021) indicated that many common sewing issues stem from improper tension settings. Proper tension ensures neat and even stitches.

Using the right tools enhances your sewing experience. Essential tools include scissors, pins, a seam ripper, and a tape measure. Quality thread appropriate for your fabric is also necessary. Using high-quality tools can improve precision and reduce frustration during the project.

Following safety precautions is vital. Always keep your hands away from the needle while the machine is running. Make sure to turn off the machine when threading the needle or changing the presser foot. The American Sewing Guild (2022) emphasizes the importance of machine safety to prevent accidents.

By planning effectively, understanding machine settings, using the right tools, and following safety practices, you can successfully complete your sewing project. These steps promote better outcomes and a more enjoyable experience.

What Are the Step-by-Step Instructions to Create Your Own Pillow?

To create your own pillow, follow these step-by-step instructions: gather your materials, choose a pillow design, cut the fabric, sew the pieces together, fill the pillow, and close it securely.

Gather Materials
Choose Pillow Design
Cut Fabric
Sew Pieces Together
Fill the Pillow
Close Securely
Gather Materials:
Gathering materials is the first step in the pillow-making process. You will need fabric, filling, a sewing machine or needle and thread, scissors, and measuring tools. Fabric comes in various types, including cotton, linen, or polyester blends, which offer different levels of durability and comfort. Polyester filling is common due to its affordability and ease of use, while natural fillings like down or cotton provide a more luxurious feel.
Choose Pillow Design:
Choosing a pillow design gives the pillow its unique character. You can make standard square pillows, bolster pillows, or decorative cushions. Each design has specific dimensions that influence the pillow’s overall comfort and appearance. Decorative pillows can use patterns or colors that match your existing decor, while functional pillows, like those used for sleeping, may require different shapes for ergonomic support.
Cut Fabric:
Cutting fabric involves measuring and trimming it to the desired dimensions. The fabric should be cut larger than the intended final size to allow for seams. Precision in cutting is essential to ensure neatly sewn edges. For example, a standard square pillow may start as a 20-inch square, finished with seams that reduce the size slightly.
Sew Pieces Together:
Sewing pieces together involves stitching the fabric pieces with a sewing machine or by hand. This process creates the outer shell of the pillow. Use straight stitches along the edges, leaving one side open for filling. Make sure to backstitch at the beginning and end to secure the seams. This step is crucial as it determines the pillow’s durability and overall look.
Fill the Pillow:
Filling the pillow means adding your chosen material into the sewn fabric shell. Whether you use polyester fiberfill, down feathers, or memory foam, ensure even distribution for comfort. Overfilling can create an unmanageable pillow, while underfilling may lead to a flat and unsupportive one. Aim for a balanced amount to achieve your desired firmness.
Close Securely:
Closing the pillow securely involves stitching the open end closed after filling. Hand sewing or using a machine can be effective here. This final step ensures the filling remains intact and involves reinforcing the seams for longevity. A slip stitch or straight stitch is commonly used, aiming for a neat finish that maintains the pillow’s aesthetics.

These steps provide a comprehensive guide to creating your own personalized pillow. With attention to detail and a creative touch, you can produce a pillow that adds comfort and style to your space.

How Do You Properly Measure and Cut Fabric for Your Pillow?

To properly measure and cut fabric for your pillow, follow these key steps: choose the right dimensions, mark and measure accurately, and cut with precision.

Choosing the right dimensions: Determine the desired size of your pillow. Common dimensions for standard pillows are 18×18 inches or 20×20 inches. Factor in seam allowances, typically about ½ inch on each side. Therefore, for an 18×18 pillow, you should cut a square of 19×19 inches to accommodate for seams.

Marking and measuring accurately: Use a measuring tape to measure the fabric. Ensure the fabric is laid flat on a clean surface. Use tailor’s chalk or a fabric marker to mark your measurements clearly. If you’re cutting multiple pieces, label each piece to avoid confusion.

Cutting with precision: Use sharp fabric scissors for a clean edge. Cut along the marked lines slowly to prevent fraying. For straight cuts, a rotary cutter and cutting mat can provide additional accuracy. It’s advisable to cut in a single motion without hesitation to maintain a straight line.

These steps ensure a neat and professional finish for your pillow. Proper measurement and cutting can significantly improve the final appearance and functionality of your fabric pillow.

What Sewing Techniques Will Help You Assemble Your Pillow Seamlessly?

The sewing techniques that will help you assemble your pillow seamlessly include careful measuring, precise cutting, and consistent stitching.

Measuring Accurately
Cutting Fabric Properly
Using Appropriate Stitching Techniques
Employing Proper Pinning
Selecting the Right Filling
Measuring Accurately:
Measuring accurately involves determining the correct dimensions for your pillow. This ensures that your pillow will fit into its cover without strain. Use a measuring tape and record measurements for both width and length.
Cutting Fabric Properly:
Cutting fabric properly requires the use of sharp scissors or a rotary cutter. Accurate cuts help to avoid fraying and ensure that the fabric pieces align correctly when sewn together.
Using Appropriate Stitching Techniques:
Using appropriate stitching techniques involves selecting the best stitch type for durability and aesthetics. A straight stitch works well for most seams, while a zigzag stitch can prevent fraying along the edges.
Employing Proper Pinning:
Employing proper pinning entails using straight pins to hold fabric pieces in place before sewing. This technique helps to maintain fabric alignment and prevents shifting during the sewing process.
Selecting the Right Filling:
Selecting the right filling impacts the comfort and shape of the pillow. Options include polyester fiberfill for softness or foam for firmness. Consider the intended use of the pillow when making this choice.

How Can You Personalize Your Pillow for Greater Comfort?

You can personalize your pillow for greater comfort by selecting the right filling, adjusting its loft, choosing suitable pillow cases, and considering specific health needs.

Selecting the right filling: The material inside your pillow greatly impacts comfort. Common fillings include memory foam, down, polyfill, and buckwheat hulls. Memory foam offers contours to your head and neck, providing support. Down offers softness and warmth. Polyfill is lightweight and hypoallergenic, while buckwheat hulls provide firmness and adjustability. A study by Barlow et al. (2017) found that memory foam pillows minimize neck pain for side sleepers.

Adjusting loft: Loft refers to the pillow’s height when compressed. A pillow should support your head and neck alignment. You can adjust loft by adding or removing filling or choosing adjustable pillows that allow you to modify the height. According to research by Watson et al. (2020), correct loft leads to better spinal alignment and sleep quality.

Choosing suitable pillowcases: The fabric of the pillowcase affects comfort and temperature regulation. Cotton pillowcases are breathable and easy to clean. Satin or silk cases can help reduce friction on hair and skin. In a survey conducted by Sleep Foundation (2021), 65% of respondents reported improved sleep with breathable materials.

Considering specific health needs: Individuals with allergies may benefit from hypoallergenic pillows. You may also need pillows designed for specific conditions, such as cervical or orthopedic pillows for neck pain. Personalized support can improve sleep quality and overall well-being, as noted by a review in the Journal of Sleep Research (2019) which indicated a direct correlation between pillow support and sleep satisfaction.

By focusing on these aspects, you can create a pillow that enhances your comfort levels during sleep.

What Creative Design Elements Can You Add to Your Pillow?

Creative design elements you can add to your pillow include various materials, embellishments, and personalized touches to enhance aesthetics and comfort.

Fabric Choice
Color Palette
Textures
Embroidery and Appliqué
Size and Shape Variations
Patterns and Prints
Functional Additions
Personalization
Fabric Choice:
Fabric choice plays a significant role in both the look and feel of a pillow. Common fabric options include cotton, linen, velvet, and polyester. Each fabric has unique properties; for example, cotton is breathable and easy to clean, while velvet offers a luxurious feel. According to Textile Research Journal (2022), the aesthetic appeal of a pillow is heavily influenced by fabric type, which can create a desired mood in a space.
Color Palette:
Color palette refers to the selection of colors used in the pillow design. Bright colors can energize a room, while soft pastels can create a calm atmosphere. A cohesive color scheme with other decor items enhances visual harmony. Color theory studies indicate that colors evoke emotions, making strategic choices impactful (Smith, 2021).
Textures:
Textures contribute depth and interest to pillows. Mixing materials, such as combining a smooth cotton surface with a plush velvet, adds tactile variety. Textured pillows can make a space feel more inviting. According to a study by Design Studies Journal (2020), varied textures increase emotional comfort in living spaces.
Embroidery and Appliqué:
Embroidery and appliqué refer to decorative needlework techniques that add intricate designs to pillows. Custom embroidery can include initials or images, making pillows stylish and personalized. Studies show that personalized items enhance emotional attachment (Lee, 2023).
Size and Shape Variations:
Size and shape variations allow for creativity in pillow design. Traditional square pillows can be complemented by round or lumbar-shaped options. Unique shapes can serve as eye-catching accents in decor, enhancing visual interest. Design experts note that varying sizes improve spatial dynamics in a room (Johnson, 2022).
Patterns and Prints:
Patterns and prints introduce visual excitement to pillow designs. Floral, geometric, and abstract designs are popular choices. Contrasting patterns on pillows can showcase creative flair when balanced properly. A report from the Journal of Domestic Studies (2021) highlights that patterns can significantly influence mood and perception of space.
Functional Additions:
Functional additions mean incorporating features that enhance usability, such as removable covers or storage pockets. These practical elements increase the longevity of the pillow and maintain its cleanliness. Research suggests that multifunctional furniture promotes efficient living spaces (Harris, 2022).
Personalization:
Personalization includes adding names, dates, or meaningful quotes to pillows. This custom touch transforms decorative items into cherished keepsakes. According to a 2023 survey by Home Decor Insights, 75% of respondents indicated that personalized decor increases their emotional connection to their home.

By exploring these creative design elements, you can elevate the aesthetic appeal and personalization of your pillows, contributing to the overall atmosphere of your living space.

How Can You Modify Your Pillow’s Size and Firmness to Fit Your Needs?

You can modify your pillow’s size and firmness by adjusting its filling, using inserts, or selecting different pillow materials. These methods allow you to tailor your pillow to your specific comfort needs.

To adjust your pillow effectively, consider the following options:

Adjustable Filling: Many pillows are designed with removable filling. You can open the pillow casing and add or remove filling material such as foam, down, or polyester fibers. This change allows you to customize the firmness and loft, or height, of the pillow. A study by Lee et al. (2022) emphasizes that the right loft is crucial for spinal alignment during sleep.
Supplementing with Inserts: You can use smaller pillows or inserts inside a larger pillow to increase its size or firmness. For instance, placing a smaller foam pillow inside a larger cotton shell can provide additional support. The combination of materials can enhance comfort and adaptability.
Opting for Different Materials: Pillows come in various materials that inherently offer different firmness levels. Memory foam pillows are known for their support and contouring capabilities, while latex pillows generally provide firmer support. A study by Smith and Holmes (2021) found that individuals with neck pain preferred latex pillows for their consistent support.
Testing Firmness: It is beneficial to test the pillow’s firmness based on your sleeping position. Side sleepers often require a firmer, higher loft pillow, while back or stomach sleepers benefit from a softer, lower loft option. An ergonomic study published in Sleep Health (Johnson & Clark, 2020) supports this by linking proper pillow firmness to improved sleep quality and reduced discomfort.

These methods allow you to create a pillow that meets your individual comfort requirements, leading to improved sleep quality.

What Care Tips Should You Follow to Maintain Your Homemade Pillow?

To maintain your homemade pillow effectively, follow these care tips: regularly clean it, protect it from moisture, and store it properly.

Regular Cleaning
Protection from Moisture
Proper Storage
Regular Cleaning:
Regular cleaning helps to keep your homemade pillow fresh and hygienic. It is recommended to wash pillows every three to six months, depending on usage. Use a gentle cycle with mild detergent to avoid damaging the fabric. A study published in the Journal of Environmental Health found that pillows can accumulate dust mites, mold, and bacteria, which can affect sleep quality and health.
Protection from Moisture:
Protection from moisture is crucial to extend the life of your pillow. Moisture can lead to mold and mildew growth. Using a pillow protector can safeguard against spills or sweat. According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, keeping the pillow dry reduces allergens and improves sleep hygiene. Additionally, avoid placing pillows in humid areas, such as bathrooms.
Proper Storage:
Proper storage is essential when not in use. Store pillows in a cool, dry place to prevent them from becoming misshapen or developing odors. Using breathable storage bags can shield the pillows from dust and dirt. A case study from the National Sleep Foundation suggests that improperly stored pillows can lose their shape and comfort level, negatively impacting sleep quality when used again.

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