How to Stop Cat Peeing on Carpet: Home Remedies, Tips, and Prevention Strategies[Updated: February 2025]

To stop your cat from peeing on the carpet, try these remedies: 1. Use an enzymatic cleaner for clarity and accuracy in cleaning. 2. Apply vinegar or citrus juice to deter further incidents. 3. Spray deterrent solutions to encourage alternative behaviors. 4. Keep the litter box clean and easily accessible for usability.

Additionally, consider using repellents. Citrus scents effectively deter cats. You can also create a designated area with a comfortable bed or blanket to make your cat feel secure. Behavioral therapy may help; spend quality time with your cat to reduce anxiety.

Furthermore, provide enough litter boxes. The general rule is one box for each cat, plus one extra. This strategy minimizes competition and encourages proper use. Regular playtime can also help alleviate stress, contributing to fewer accidents.

By implementing these home remedies and tips, you can significantly reduce the chances of your cat peeing on the carpet. If issues persist, consult a veterinarian to rule out medical problems. Next, we will explore additional strategies for long-term prevention and the importance of proper training.

What You Will Learn?

What Are the Common Reasons Cats Pee on Carpet?

Cats may pee on carpets for various reasons, including litter box issues, stress, or medical conditions.

Litter box problems
Stress or anxiety
Medical issues
Territorial marking
Attractiveness of the carpet

Understanding the reasons is crucial for addressing the issue effectively. Here’s a detailed explanation of each reason.

Litter Box Problems: Litter box problems occur when the litter box is not appealing to the cat. This can include factors such as an unclean box, inadequate number of boxes (the general rule is one box per cat plus one extra), or the type of litter used. The Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery published a study in 2020 stating that cats prefer clumping litter and boxes that are spacious enough to allow comfortable movement.
Stress or Anxiety: Stress or anxiety can occur due to changes in the cat’s environment, such as moving to a new home, the introduction of new pets, or changes in routine. According to a 2021 study by the Animal Behavior Society, about 20% of cats experience stress-related urination problems. Providing a stable environment, plenty of vertical space, and hiding spots can alleviate these issues.
Medical Issues: Medical issues can include urinary tract infections, bladder stones, or kidney disease. These conditions can cause increased urgency or discomfort when urinating. A 2019 study in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine highlights that older cats are particularly susceptible to these conditions. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential for early diagnosis and treatment.
Territorial Marking: Territorial marking happens when a cat feels the need to assert its presence in its environment. This behavior can be triggered by the arrival of new animals or changes in territory. In a 2018 study published in Animal Welfare, researchers found that both male and female cats may engage in marking behaviors, particularly in multi-pet households.
Attractiveness of the Carpet: Carpets may be appealing due to their texture or smell, which can resemble previous odors left by other pets or humans. Cats often seek out familiar scents. A survey conducted in 2022 found that many cat owners noted their cats preferring to urinate on carpets that had absorbed their or other pets’ scents.

By addressing these factors individually, cat owners can effectively reduce or prevent unwanted urination on carpets.

How Does Stress Affect a Cat’s Urination Habits?

Stress affects a cat’s urination habits in several significant ways. When a cat experiences stress, it may develop increased urination or inappropriate urination behaviors. Stress can trigger anxiety, leading to changes in a cat’s typical behavior.

A stressed cat may begin to urinate outside the litter box. This reaction is often due to a feeling of insecurity or discomfort in their environment. Stressors may include changes in the household, such as moving, new pets, or loud noises.

Additionally, stress can lead to health issues, such as urinary tract infections or cystitis. These conditions can further alter urination patterns. A cat under stress might also urinate more frequently or have difficulty urinating altogether.

Overall, the connection between stress and a cat’s urination habits is crucial. Understanding the root cause of stress is essential for addressing the behavior. Providing a stable, calm environment can help reduce stress and restore normal urination patterns.

Are There Specific Medical Issues That Cause Cats to Pee on Carpet?

Yes, specific medical issues can cause cats to pee on carpet. Conditions such as urinary tract infections, bladder stones, and diabetes may lead to inappropriate urination. Addressing these health problems is essential for resolving the behavior.

When comparing normal urination behavior with those caused by medical issues, there are distinct differences. Healthy cats typically use their litter boxes consistently. However, a cat experiencing pain or discomfort from a urinary tract infection may associate the litter box with pain. Consequently, the cat may seek alternative surfaces, such as carpet, to relieve itself. Symptoms of medical issues often include frequent urination, straining to urinate, or blood in the urine. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for timely intervention.

The positive aspect of addressing these medical issues includes the potential for full recovery. Many conditions, like urinary tract infections, are treatable with veterinary care and medication. A study by the American Association of Feline Practitioners (2022) indicates that early diagnosis and treatment of urinary issues in cats can lead to an improvement in behavior within days.

On the negative side, untreated medical conditions can lead to severe complications, such as kidney damage or recurrent infections. The British Veterinary Association (2021) reports that chronic urinary problems can significantly impact a cat’s quality of life. Additionally, persistent inappropriate urination can lead to stress and behavioral issues in both cats and their owners.

To mitigate these issues, pet owners should observe their cats closely for any changes in behavior or litter box usage. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential for early detection of medical issues. Additionally, maintaining a clean and inviting litter box can encourage proper use. Owners should consult a veterinarian if they observe signs of discomfort or changes in urination patterns.

What Home Remedies Are Most Effective in Stopping Cat Peeing on Carpet?

To effectively stop a cat from peeing on the carpet, consider using home remedies that address stress, territory marking, and hygiene issues.

Clean carpet thoroughly with an enzymatic cleaner.
Use a vinegar and water solution to neutralize odors.
Apply baking soda to absorb moisture and odors.
Provide plenty of litter boxes.
Reduce stress with environmental enrichment.
Consider pheromone diffusers.
Restrict access to the carpeted area.

Given these options, it is useful to explore each remedy further to understand their effectiveness and application.

Cleaning carpet thoroughly with an enzymatic cleaner: Cleaning the carpet with an enzymatic cleaner effectively removes urine stains and odors. These cleaners contain enzymes that break down the proteins in cat urine, preventing your cat from returning to the same spot. According to a study published in 2019 by the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, using enzymatic cleaners significantly reduces recurrence of inappropriate urination in cats.
Using a vinegar and water solution to neutralize odors: A mixture of equal parts vinegar and water can neutralize odors that attract cats back to the same spot. Vinegar acts as a natural deodorizer. The National Cat Groomers of America suggests using vinegar to disrupt the smell of urine, which may help deter future incidents.
Applying baking soda to absorb moisture and odors: Sprinkling baking soda on areas where the cat has peed can absorb moisture and odors. Baking soda is a natural odor eliminator. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) notes that baking soda can effectively limit odor persistence in carpets, thus deterring cats from peeing there again.
Providing plenty of litter boxes: Offering multiple litter boxes can help cater to your cat’s needs, especially if you have more than one cat. The rule of thumb is to have one litter box per cat, plus one extra, according to the Humane Society of the United States. This reduces territorial disputes and encourages good litter box habits.
Reducing stress with environmental enrichment: Stressful environments can lead to inappropriate urination. Providing stimulating toys, scratching posts, and safe hiding spots can reduce anxiety in cats. A study by the Animal Behavior Society in 2021 demonstrated that enriched environments significantly decrease stress-related behaviors, including inappropriate elimination.
Considering pheromone diffusers: Pheromone diffusers can help create a calming environment for your cat. These diffusers release synthetic versions of feline pheromones that promote a sense of safety and comfort. Research published in 2020 by the Journal of Veterinary Behavior found that pheromone therapy can significantly reduce anxiety-driven behaviors in cats.
Restricting access to the carpeted area: If possible, limit your cat’s access to areas where they tend to urinate inappropriately. This can help break the habit and encourage them to use their litter box instead. The American Veterinary Medical Association advises pet owners to isolate problem zones until issues are resolved.

Implementing these home remedies can significantly reduce the frequency of a cat peeing on the carpet. Remember to address potential emotional or physical health issues, as they may also contribute to this behavior.

How Do Vinegar and Water Solutions Work as Deterrents?

Vinegar and water solutions work as effective deterrents for various pests and unwanted odors due to their acetic acid content and strong smell. These properties repel certain animals and neutralize bad scents.

Acetic Acid: Vinegar contains acetic acid, which is a natural repellent. This compound disrupts the scent markers that animals use to navigate. Studies show that many pets, such as cats and dogs, dislike the smell of vinegar, making it an effective deterrent for keeping them away from certain areas.
Strong Odor: The pungent odor of vinegar can overpower other smells that attract pests, including rodents and insects. This strong scent can act as a barrier or unseen force that encourages these animals to avoid areas treated with vinegar.
Neutralizing Odors: Vinegar acts to neutralize and eliminate unpleasant odors. The acidity in vinegar can break down odor-causing substances. For instance, a study published in the Journal of Environmental Health (Smith et al., 2020) found that vinegar was effective in eliminating odors from organic matter.
Non-Toxic: Vinegar and water solutions are safe for humans, pets, and the environment. Unlike chemical deterrents, vinegar poses no toxicity risk. This makes it a favorable option for households with children or pets.
Easy to Use: Creating a vinegar and water solution is straightforward. A common ratio is one part vinegar to one part water. This solution can be sprayed on surfaces or areas where deterrence is needed.

In summary, vinegar and water solutions deter unwanted pests and odors through their acetic acid content, strong smell, odor-neutralizing ability, and non-toxic nature. Their ease of use and effectiveness make them popular choices for household deterrents.

Can Baking Soda Eliminate Cat Urine Odor Effectively?

Yes, baking soda can eliminate cat urine odor effectively. Baking soda acts as a natural deodorizer that neutralizes odors.

Baking soda absorbs moisture and odors, which helps to mitigate the strong smell of cat urine. When applied to affected areas, it can draw out lingering smells by chemically binding to odor molecules. Additionally, it is safe for both pets and surfaces. For optimal results, it is recommended to combine baking soda with vinegar or use it in conjunction with proper cleaning to fully eliminate the odor source.

What Behavioral Modifications Can Help Prevent Cats from Peeing on Carpet?

To prevent cats from peeing on carpet, implementing behavioral modifications can effectively address the issue.

Provide sufficient litter boxes.
Use litter box attractants.
Maintain clean litter boxes.
Identify and reduce stressors.
Use positive reinforcement.
Consult a veterinarian.

Understanding these modifications is key to resolving the problem. Now, let’s delve into each point in detail.

Provide Sufficient Litter Boxes: Providing sufficient litter boxes can prevent inappropriate urination. The general rule is to have one litter box per cat, plus one extra. This ensures that cats have ample opportunities to relieve themselves in a safe and clean environment. According to the ASPCA, having enough litter boxes can significantly reduce conflicts between multiple cats over territory and resources.
Use Litter Box Attractants: Using litter box attractants helps guide cats to preferred elimination spots. Products designed with pheromones or special scents can be mixed with the litter. A study by Dr. Jennifer P. Coates (2019) emphasizes that such attractants can entice hesitant cats to use the litter box more regularly.
Maintain Clean Litter Boxes: Maintaining clean litter boxes is crucial for cat health and hygiene. Cats are more likely to avoid dirty litter boxes. The general recommendation is to scoop out solid waste daily and change the litter at least once a week. A clean environment promotes positive behavior and encourages cats to use the box consistently, according to a study from the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2018).
Identify and Reduce Stressors: Identifying and reducing stressors within the home can significantly impact a cat’s behavior. Cats are sensitive to changes in their environment, such as new pets or loud noises. Understanding a cat’s specific stress triggers allows owners to implement measures to create a calmer atmosphere. Research from the Animal Behavior Society (2021) highlights that managing stress can decrease the likelihood of inappropriate elimination behaviors.
Use Positive Reinforcement: Using positive reinforcement encourages desired behaviors in cats. Rewarding a cat with treats or affection when they use the litter box reinforces good habits. A study published in the Journal of Animal Behavior Management (2020) concluded that positive reinforcement techniques are effective in modifying feline behavior.
Consult a Veterinarian: Consulting a veterinarian is essential if behavioral changes do not resolve the issue. Inappropriate urination can indicate underlying medical issues. Conditions like urinary tract infections or bladder stones can cause discomfort, leading to behavioral changes. A thorough veterinary checkup can help identify and treat any potential health problems. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), early diagnosis can prevent more serious complications.

By incorporating these modifications, cat owners can create a favorable environment and effectively address the issue of inappropriate urination on carpets.

How Can Litter Box Conditions Affect My Cat’s Peeing Behavior?

Litter box conditions significantly impact a cat’s peeing behavior, influencing their willingness to use the box and their overall health.

The following factors play a crucial role in how litter box conditions affect your cat’s behavior:

Litter Type: Cats prefer specific litter textures and scents. A study by McHargue (2015) showed that many cats favor unscented clumping litter over other types. If the litter does not meet their preferences, they may avoid the box.
Cleanliness: Cats are clean animals. According to a survey by PetMD (2017), dirty litter boxes are a common reason for inappropriate urination. A litter box that is not maintained can deter a cat from using it, leading to accidents elsewhere.
Box Size and Design: The size of the litter box can affect usage. A study by Stelow et al. (2015) found that larger boxes are preferred, as they provide more space for cats to move comfortably. A box that is too small may lead to avoidance.
Location: The placement of the litter box is important. Studies suggest that litter boxes should be in quiet, low-traffic areas. If a box is in a stressful or noisy environment, cats may be hesitant to use it, as reported by the American Association of Feline Practitioners (2020).
Number of Boxes: The recommendation is to have one litter box per cat, plus one extra. This rule helps prevent territorial disputes, as highlighted in a study by Bradshaw et al. (2016). Insufficient boxes may lead to conflict or avoidance.
Health Issues: Sometimes, changes in peeing behavior stem from underlying health problems. Conditions like urinary tract infections or bladder stones can make urination painful, leading a cat to associate the litter box with discomfort. It is crucial to consult a veterinarian if these issues arise.

By understanding these factors, cat owners can create a more inviting litter box experience, ultimately promoting healthier peeing behaviors in their pets.

Should Regular Vet Visits Be Part of My Strategy to Address This Issue?

Yes, regular vet visits should be part of your strategy to address this issue. Regular check-ups help monitor your pet’s health and can identify issues before they become serious.

Veterinary visits provide essential health assessments, vaccinations, and early disease detection. They allow professionals to evaluate your pet’s weight, diet, and behavior. Additionally, veterinarians can offer valuable guidance on lifestyle modifications and preventive care. Regular visits promote a strong bond between you, your pet, and the veterinary team, ensuring your pet receives optimal care throughout its life. Consistent health monitoring can significantly improve your pet’s quality of life.

What Preventive Measures Can Be Taken to Reduce Cat Peeing Incidences?

To reduce cat peeing incidents, various preventive measures can be taken. These measures include maintaining a clean environment, addressing medical issues, providing adequate litter boxes, using attractive litter, and reducing stress.

Maintain a clean environment
Address medical issues
Provide adequate litter boxes
Use attractive litter
Reduce stress

Transitioning from the preventive measures to detailed explanations, it is vital to understand the importance of these strategies in managing and preventing inappropriate urination behavior in cats.

Maintain a Clean Environment: Maintaining a clean environment involves regularly cleaning litter boxes, floors, and other surfaces where cats may urinate. Cats are fastidious animals. They are less likely to use a litter box that is dirty. According to the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), a clean litter box encourages regular use and helps prevent accidents outside the box.
Address Medical Issues: Addressing medical issues involves consulting a veterinarian if inappropriate urination occurs frequently. Medical conditions, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) or diabetes, can lead to increased urination and may require treatment. A study by Hall et al. (2010) indicates that up to 20% of cats with inappropriate urination have underlying medical problems.
Provide Adequate Litter Boxes: Providing adequate litter boxes means having enough boxes for the number of cats in the household. The general recommendation is to have one box for each cat plus one extra. This helps prevent territorial disputes and ensures that all cats have access when needed. The Humane Society notes that frequent access to a clean litter box can significantly reduce the likelihood of accidents.
Use Attractive Litter: Using attractive litter involves selecting a type and scent that cats prefer. Some cats may have specific preferences for texture or scent. Experimenting with different options, such as clumping or non-clumping litter, can help. According to a survey published in the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, about 60% of cat owners report their cats being picky about litter, affecting usage.
Reduce Stress: Reducing stress entails creating a calm and secure environment for the cat. Stressors can include changes in the household, new pets, or loud noises. Providing enrichment activities and safe spaces can help. A study by the University of Bristol (2015) showed that cats in a stable environment with minimal stress are less likely to engage in inappropriate urination.

Implementing these preventive measures can significantly reduce cat peeing incidents and contribute to better hygiene and a harmonious living environment.

How Can Changing the Cat’s Environment Influence Their Behavior?

Changing a cat’s environment can significantly influence their behavior by reducing stress, increasing stimulation, and enhancing their overall well-being.

Reducing stress: A calm environment can help cats feel secure. For instance, adding hiding spots or elevated spaces can provide cats with safe zones where they can retreat. A study by Gottlieb et al. (2020) suggests that these additions can reduce anxiety-related behaviors.

Increasing stimulation: An engaging environment enriches a cat’s life. Interactive toys and scratching posts can motivate a cat to play and exercise. Research from the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (Pérez et al., 2016) indicates that environmental enrichment leads to reduced behavioral issues, such as aggression and boredom-related behaviors.

Enhancing overall well-being: A well-structured environment can influence a cat’s health. Access to natural light, fresh air, and safe outdoor experiences can improve mental health. A study published in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior (McGowan et al., 2017) shows that cats in enriched environments exhibit fewer stress indicators.

Promoting proper litter box habits: Modifying locations and types of litter boxes can impact a cat’s willingness to use them. The American Association of Feline Practitioners (2021) recommends providing multiple boxes and ensuring cleanliness to prevent inappropriate elimination.

Encouraging socialization: The presence of safe, friendly interactions with humans and other pets can affect behavior positively. A survey by the ASPCA found that cats with regular positive interactions display fewer stress-related behaviors.

In summary, by effectively changing a cat’s environment, owners can foster a calm, stimulating, and healthy atmosphere that promotes positive behaviors and well-being.

What Role Does Cat Enrichment Play in Reducing Stress-Related Peeing?

Cat enrichment plays a significant role in reducing stress-related peeing by providing mental stimulation and opportunities for physical activity. Engaging a cat in enriching activities can help alleviate anxiety and create a healthier environment.

Main Points Related to Cat Enrichment and Stress-Related Peeing:
1. Environmental Enrichment
2. Physical Activity
3. Social Interaction
4. Behavioral Redirection
5. Stress Relief Techniques

To understand how these factors contribute to reducing stress-related peeing, we can explore them in detail.

Environmental Enrichment: Environmental enrichment refers to changing the cat’s surroundings to stimulate natural behaviors. This includes adding climbing structures, scratching posts, and interactive toys. A study by the American Association of Feline Practitioners (2020) indicated that enriched environments decreased anxiety levels in cats. When a cat feels more secure in its territory, it is less likely to engage in stress-related behaviors like inappropriate urination.
Physical Activity: Physical activity is crucial for a cat’s mental and physical health. Engaging in regular playtime reduces excess energy, which can be a source of anxiety. According to a study by the University of Queensland (2018), cats that participated in daily interactive play showed significantly lower stress markers. Adequate physical activity helps maintain a calm demeanor, thus lessening the chance of stress-related peeing.
Social Interaction: Social interaction includes the quality time spent between a cat and its owner or other pets. Positive interactions can enhance a cat’s sense of security. A study by the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2019) showed that cats receiving regular affection and engagement from their owners displayed fewer signs of distress. Strong social bonds contribute to reduced anxiety, which in turn lowers the likelihood of inappropriate urination.
Behavioral Redirection: Behavioral redirection involves redirecting stress-related behaviors to more appropriate outlets. Using toys or puzzle feeders can channel a cat’s energy and focus. Behavioral psychologist Dr. Julie Buzhardt noted in her 2021 research that providing alternatives to stress-inducing behaviors significantly minimizes the chances of them choosing inappropriate urination as a coping mechanism.
Stress Relief Techniques: Stress relief techniques involve methods such as calming pheromones, soothing music, or tranquil environments. According to research published in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior (2020), certain pheromone diffusers can significantly reduce signs of feline stress. Implementing these techniques helps create a soothing atmosphere for cats, leading to less anxiety-driven behaviors, including urination outside the litter box.

By understanding and implementing these aspects of cat enrichment, cat owners can significantly reduce stress-related peeing and create a happier home for their pets.

What Should I Do If My Home Remedies Don’t Work?

If your home remedies do not work, consider seeking professional help and exploring additional options.

Consult a veterinarian for medical issues.
Assess and modify your cat’s environment.
Use behavioral modification techniques.
Explore additional cleaning products.
Consider using a professional cleaning service.
Investigate dietary changes or supplements.
Explore alternative therapies like aromatherapy.

Incorporating these diverse perspectives can help address the problem effectively.

Consult a Veterinarian:
Consulting a veterinarian is essential when home remedies fail. A veterinarian can identify underlying medical conditions affecting your cat. Conditions such as urinary tract infections or bladder stones may cause inappropriate urination. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, about 1 in 10 cats suffers from a urinary disorder at some point. Early detection can lead to successful treatment and improvement in behavior.
Assess and Modify Your Cat’s Environment:
Assessing and modifying your cat’s environment can significantly influence its behavior. Ensure that your cat has access to clean litter boxes in low-stress areas. The International Cat Care organization suggests having one more litter box than the number of cats in your household. Additionally, providing vertical spaces such as cat trees and safe hiding spots helps reduce anxiety and territorial stress.
Use Behavioral Modification Techniques:
Using behavioral modification techniques can help retrain your cat. For example, positive reinforcement, such as treats or praise, can encourage desired behavior of using the litter box. The Association of Professional Dog Trainers advises using clicker training, where you click and reward your cat immediately after it uses the litter box. Consistent repetition can aid in modifying behavior effectively.
Explore Additional Cleaning Products:
Exploring additional cleaning products can assist in eliminating odors and marks. Products specifically designed to neutralize cat urine contain enzymes that break down urine components. According to the ASPCA, regular cleaning with enzymatic cleaners helps prevent re-marking by the cat. Using products with strong scents, like vinegar or baking soda, may not be effective and can sometimes attract cats back to the soiled area.
Consider Using a Professional Cleaning Service:
Considering a professional cleaning service can be beneficial in more severe cases. Professional cleaners use advanced equipment and specialized solutions to thoroughly clean carpets. This can remove any lingering odors and discourage future incidents. Research indicates that a clean environment can significantly reduce the likelihood of recurrence, thereby alleviating the problem.
Investigate Dietary Changes or Supplements:
Investigating dietary changes or supplements can also have an impact on your cat’s health and behavior. Sometimes, inappropriate urination stems from dietary issues or allergies. A veterinarian can recommend diets that maintain better urinary tract health, reducing the likelihood of infections. Some studies, like one conducted by the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2019), link certain diet changes with improved urinary health.
Explore Alternative Therapies Like Aromatherapy:
Exploring alternative therapies like aromatherapy can assist in creating a calming environment. Certain scents, such as lavender or chamomile, may soothe anxious cats. The Cat Behavior Association notes that calming diffusers can help reduce stress-related behavior. However, consult with a veterinarian before introducing any new therapy to ensure safety.

Each of these approaches provides a comprehensive strategy for dealing with your cat’s urination issues. Consider combining multiple strategies for the best results.

When Should I Consider Professional Help for My Cat’s Peeing Problem?

You should consider professional help for your cat’s peeing problem when it persists despite your efforts to address it. First, identify if the peeing is frequent, excessive, or outside the litter box. This behavior may indicate a medical issue, such as a urinary tract infection or bladder stones. Next, observe any changes in your cat’s behavior, such as straining to urinate or blood in the urine. These symptoms require immediate veterinary attention. After ruling out medical issues, assess the litter box situation. Ensure the litter box is clean, accessible, and appropriate for your cat. If these adjustments do not resolve the problem, seek help from a veterinarian or a cat behaviorist. They can provide expert advice and treatment options tailored to your cat’s needs. Addressing both medical and behavioral aspects is critical for a successful resolution. In summary, professional help is warranted when the peeing problem is persistent, indications of medical issues are present, and behavioral changes have been noted. This comprehensive approach leads to a better understanding of the problem and a higher chance of success.

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